Heat exhaustion is a state of definite weakness produced by the excess loss of normal fluids and sodium chloride in the form of sweat usually caused by exposure to heat, likely indoors. Some of the symptoms are: Face becomes pale, cool, and moist. The skin is cool, clammy with profuse sweating. The body temperature is below normal. Heart rate is weak, thready and rapid. Breathing becomes shallow and quiet. Muscles are tense and contracted and eyes may become soft.
Heat stroke is a condition or derangement of the heat control centers due to exposure to the rays of the sun or very high temperatures. The body’s ability to cool down is inadequate or absent. Some of the symptoms are: Face becomes red, dry, and hot. The skin is hot, dry and no sweating with an elevated temperature as high as 106° to 110° F. Heart rate is usually full and strong. Breathing becomes labored and sometimes painful. Muscles are tense with possible convulsions and pupils are dilated but equal.
Both conditions can be dangerous and fatal and can be avoided by keeping the body temperature normal and drinking plenty of fluids, preferably water. Avoid constant heat indoors, direct sun light and continuous physical activity in hot envirionments.
If either is suspected, it is recommended to call 911 immediately for instruction. If no phone is available, and the person is awake, encourage resting, keep head elevated, give cold fliuds and remove person from the sun in the case of suspected heat stroke. In the instance of heat exhaustion, keep person quiet, head lowered and keep body warm to prevent the onset of shock.
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